The first call to TestDimension is ambigeous and allows many valid combination of dimensions. The second input does not (read the output backward) because x was replaced by 2.

From the help page:

In some situations, there is some ambiguity in how units are assigned, for example in the expression
                      "5*Unit('kg') + x*y"

if no extra information is given. In such a case, Maple will give the fully general value if you ask for
                     "output = dimensions"

This output is sometimes hard to understand, but it is explained in the text above.

I addition to acer answer:
In Units:-Standard Maple assumes that x is unitfree and therefore returns in the error message `1` for the unit of x.

In Unit:-Simple Maple does not assume anything (edit:) for the whole session for 5 * Unit(m) +x. The unit of x is left open and no dimensional checks are performed (edit: between inputs). unless x is assigned to a value.

Edit: Assigning x to a value with unit, does not allways trigger consistency checks
 

restart;with(Units:-Simple):
6*Unit('s') + x;
x:=2*Unit(m);
%%;
eval(%);
simplify(%);
                         6 Unit(s) + x

                         x := 2 Unit(m)

                     6 Unit(s) + 2 Unit(m)

                     6 Unit(s) + 2 Unit(m)

Error, (in Units:-Simple:-+) the following expressions imply incompatible dimensions: 6*Units:-Unit(s)+2*Units:-Unit(m)

What is currently not possible in Maple is explictily assuming that x is of a certain dimension. With that assumption Maple could check if operands of a sum are of the same dimension or collect a common factor from sums containing units.

To sure if this answers fully your question but if you in integrate the lefthand side of expression (2) over r and add an integration constant you will get an equivalent result as shown in DESol.

Download DESol_Question_reply.mw

The problem with the integral is that ln(V), where V is a physical quantity,  does not evaluate to numerical values.
Here is why Maple can only provide an answer if n and m are and the integration variable are assumed dimensionless:
 

Updated worksheet: Download Units_Int_reply_2.mw

Former worksheet: Download Units_Int_reply.mw

Assumptions on names having a unit such as

       assuming V::[m^3]

would be of great value for mixed expression containing names/symbols and units since Maple could detect conflicts and errors

In you code: Have you tried to remove these brackets?

If working without a Unit package (which is already quite powerfull in combination with simplify and convert) is accepable, try

Maple 2024, by the way, simplifies also with Units:-Simple loaded

Solving by hand an explicit solution can be derived

sol:=dsolve(ode);
subs(x=a,y(a)=b,%):
map(tan,%);
solve(%,{c__1});
simplify(subs(%[1],sol));

This solution is too complex for odetest. However, when arctan(y,x) is converted to arctan the IC is correctly reproduced.
 

Try removing the square bracket in D1. Square brackets are used in Maple to create a list.

For inequalties you might need assumptions as well depending on the expression.

I have tried to verify G1 with odetest which worked for + but not for -

y(x) = -sqrt(-epsilon)*tanh((x+lambda)*sqrt(-epsilon)):
odetest(%,ode);

                /         /                         (1/2)\\
      2 epsilon \-1 + cosh\2 (x + lambda) (-epsilon)     //
    - -----------------------------------------------------
                    /                         (1/2)\       
            1 + cosh\2 (x + lambda) (-epsilon)     /       

So maybe the list is incorrect in some details.

Here are other solutions (without lambda) that can be obtained straight out of the library using the option method.  Anything else, I am afraid, requires advanced skills and/or manipulation by hand. Were you looking for something like that?

Download dsolve_methods.mw

I cannot run your worksheet because

with(Syrup);
Error, invalid input: with expects its 1st argument, pname, to be of type {`module`, package}, but received Syrup

However, what I see in your assumptions is too restrictive. Instead of "and" try comma
 

assumptions := 0 < `&omega;0p`, 0 < `&omega;0s`, 0 < Lp, 0 < Ls, 0 < k, 0 < Rp, 0 < Rs, 0 < omega, 0 < L, 0 < Idc, 0 < Vbat

Maple tries to evaluate your integral symbolically. You can force it to integrate numerically by

evalf(Int(Int(F[1](x,y),x=0..1.),y=0..1.));

or

int(int(F[1](x,y),x=0..1.,numeric=true),y=0..1.);

See ?evalf,Int

dharrs version seems to switch automatically to numerical integration.

In your worksheet you compute coeff from expression (5) which is the length of the expression.

If you remove the length statement, you can compute some coefficients from the third operand of the product

Using Typesetting you can textplot items above each other. Here gamma2 is printed over an invisible character which provides the space to the point.

display(point(Pgamma2,symbol=solidcircle,symbolsize=14),textplot([Pgamma2[],Typesetting:-mover(Typesetting:-mo("⁢"),Typesetting:-mo("γ2")),align={above}]))

It is solve that cannot deal with the two solutions in the same way.

In the "good" case solve returns a warning

solve(ln(x)-c__1-(1/2)*ln((y(x)^2-6*x)/x)-3*ln((3^(1/2)*y(x)+((3*y(x)^2-16*x)/x)^(1/2)*x^(1/2))/x^(1/2))+(1/12)*3^(1/2)*6^(1/2)*2^(1/2)*arctanh((1/2)*(-16*x^(1/2)+3*y(x)*6^(1/2))*2^(1/2)/(((3*y(x)^2-16*x)/x)^(1/2)*x^(1/2)))+(1/12)*3^(1/2)*arctanh((1/2)*(16*x^(1/2)+3*y(x)*6^(1/2))*2^(1/2)/(((3*y(x)^2-16*x)/x)^(1/2)*x^(1/2)))*6^(1/2)*2^(1/2), y(x));
Warning, solutions may have been lost

and stops searching for "further" solutions. In the "bad" case solve tries hard to find an explicit solution (which I  doubt exists). This way odestest can never apply methods for implicit solutions.
 

solve(ln(x)-c__1-(1/2)*ln((y(x)^2-6*x)/x)-3*ln((3^(1/2)*y(x)+((3*y(x)^2-16*x)/x)^(1/2)*x^(1/2))/x^(1/2))+(1/2)*arctanh((1/2)*(-16*x^(1/2)+3*y(x)*2^(1/2)*3^(1/2))*2^(1/2)/(((3*y(x)^2-16*x)/x)^(1/2)*x^(1/2)))+(1/2)*arctanh((1/2)*(16*x^(1/2)+3*y(x)*2^(1/2)*3^(1/2))*2^(1/2)/(((3*y(x)^2-16*x)/x)^(1/2)*x^(1/2))), y(x)); #hangs

Download why_same_sol_hangs_july_7_2024_-_reply.mw

In your code you need to add colons (yellow) to assign y1(x) and y2(x) to names. You also had a space too much (red)

Alternativley, if you do not want to assign to names, you can use subs

y1(x) = 2*sin(x) - sin(2*x) + cos(2*x);
y2(x) = 4*sin(x) + sin(2*x) - cos(2*x);
1/2*(diff(y1(x), x)^2 + diff(y2(x), x)^2) + 1/2*(3*y1(x)^2 - y1(x)*y2(x) + y2(x)^2);
simplify(subs(%%%, %%, %));