This post is devoted to the rigorous proof of Miquel's five circles theorem, which I learned about from this question. The proof is essentially very simple and takes only 15 lines of code. The figure below, in which all the labels coincide with the corresponding names in the code, illustrates the basic ideas of the code. First, we symbolically define common points of intersection of blue circles with a red unit circle  (these parameters  s1 .. s5  are the polar coordinates of these points). All other parameters of this configuration can be expressed through them. Then we find the centers  M  and  N  of two circles. Then we find the coordinates of the point  K  from the condition that  CK  is perpendicular to  MN . Then we find the point  E  and using the result obtained, we easily find the coordinates  of all the points  A1 .. A5. Then we find the coordinates of the point   P  as the point of intersection of the lines  A1A2  and  A3A4 . Finally, we verify that the point  P  lies on a circle with center at the point  N , which completes the proof.

Below - the code of the proof. Note that the code does not use any special (in particular geometric) packages, only commands from the Maple kernel. I usually try any geometric problems to solve in this style, it is more reliable,  and often shorter.

restart;
t1:=s1/2+s2/2: t2:=s2/2+s3/2:
M:=[cos(t1),sin(t1)]: N:=[cos(t2),sin(t2)]:
C:=[cos(s2),sin(s2)]: K:=(1-t)*~M+t*~N:
CK:=K-C: MN:=M-N:
t0:=simplify(solve(CK[1]*MN[1]+CK[2]*MN[2]=0, t)):
E:=combine(simplify(C+2*eval(CK,t=t0))):
s0:=s5-2*Pi: s6:=s1+2*Pi:
assign(seq(A||i=eval(E,[s2=s||i,s1=s||(i-1),s3=s||(i+1)]), i=1..5)):
Dist:=(p,q)->sqrt((p[1]-q[1])^2+(p[2]-q[2])^2):
LineEq:=(P,Q)->(y-P[2])*(Q[1]-P[1])=(x-P[1])*(Q[2]-P[2]):
Line1:=LineEq(A1,A2):
Line2:=LineEq(A3,A4):
P:=combine(simplify(solve({Line1,Line2},[x,y])))[]:
Circle:=(x-N[1])^2+(y-N[2])^2-Dist(N,C)^2:
is(eval(Circle, P)=0);  # The final result

                                                                    true

It may seem that this proof is easy to repeat manually. But this is not so. Maple brilliantly coped with very cumbersome trigonometric transformations. Look at the coordinates of point  P , expressed through the initial parameters  s1 .. s5 :

simplify(eval([x,y], P));  # The coordinates of the point  P

ProofMiquel.mw

A few days ago, I drew attention to the question in which OP talked about the generation of triangles in a plane, for which the lengths of all sides, the area and radius of the inscribed circle are integers. In addition, all vertices must have different integer coordinates (6 different integers), the lengths of all sides are different and the triangles should not be rectangular. I prepared the answer to this question, but the question disappeared somewhere, so I designed my answer as a separate post.

The triangles in the plane, for which the lengths of all sides and the area  are integers, are called as Heronian triangles. See this very interesting article in the wiki about such triangles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_triangle#Heronian_triangles

The procedure finds all triangles (with the fulfillment of all conditions above), for which the lengths of the two sides are in the range  N1 .. N2 . The left side of the range is an optional parameter (by default  N1=5). It is not recommended to take the length of the range more than 100, otherwise the operating time of the procedure will greatly increase. The procedure returns the list in which each triangle is represented by a list of  [list of coordinates of the vertices, area, radius of the inscribed circle, list of lengths of the sides]. Without loss of generality, one vertex coincides with the origin (obviously, by a shift it is easy to place it at any point). 

The procedure works as follows: one vertex at the origin, then the other two must lie on circles with integer and different radii  x^2+y^2=r^2. Using  isolve  command, we find all integer points on these circles, and then in the for loops we select the necessary triangles.

Download Integer_Triangle1.mw

Edit.

 I accidentally stumbled on this problem in the list of tasks for mathematical olympiads. I quote its text in Russian-English translation:

"The floor in the drawing room of Baron Munchausen is paved with the identical square stone plates.
 Baron claims that his new carpet (made of one piece of a material ) covers exactly 24 plates and
 at the same time each vertical and each horizontal row of plates in the living room contains 
exactly 4 plates covered with carpet. Is not the Baron deceiving?"

At first glance this seems impossible, but in fact the Baron is right. Several examples can be obtained simply by hand, for example

                                        or        

The problem is to find all solutions. This post is dedicated to this problem.

We put in correspondence to each such carpet a matrix of zeros and ones, such that in each row and in each column there are exactly 2 zeros and 4 ones. The problem to generate all such the matrices was already discussed here and Carl found a very effective solution. I propose another solution (based on the method of branches and boundaries), it is less effective, but more universal. I've used this method several times, for example here and here.
There will be a lot of such matrices (total 67950), so we will impose natural limitations. We require that the carpet be a simply connected set that has as its boundary a simple polygon (non-self-intersecting).

Below we give a complete solution to the problem.

restart;
R:=combinat:-permute([0,0,1,1,1,1]); # All lists of two zeros and four units

# In the procedure OneStep, the matrices are presented as lists of lists. The procedure adds one row to each matrix so that in each column there are no more than 2 zeros and not more than 4 ones

OneStep:=proc(L::listlist)
local m, k, l, r, a, L1;
m:=nops(L[1]); k:=0;
for l in L do
for r in R do
a:=[op(l),r];
if `and`(seq(add(a[..,j])<=4, j=1..6)) and `and`(seq(m-add(a[..,j])<=2, j=1..6)) then k:=k+1; L1[k]:=a fi;
od; od;
convert(L1, list);
end proc:

# M is a list of all matrices, each of which has exactly 2 zeros and 4 units in each row and column

L:=map(t->[t], R):
M:=(OneStep@@5)(L):
nops(M);
                                            67950

M1:=map(Matrix, M):

# From the list of M1 we delete those matrices that contain <1,0;0,1> and <0,1;1,0> submatrices. This means that the boundaries of the corresponding carpets will be simple non-self-intersecting curves

k:=0:
for m in M1 do
s:=1;
for i from 2 to 6 do
for j from 2 to 6 do
if (m[i,j]=0 and m[i-1,j-1]=0 and m[i,j-1]=1 and m[i-1,j]=1) or (m[i,j]=1 and m[i-1,j-1]=1 and m[i,j-1]=0 and m[i-1,j]=0) then s:=0; break fi;
od: if s=0 then break fi; od:
if s=1 then k:=k+1; M2[k]:=m fi;
od:
M2:=convert(M2, list):
nops(M2);
                                             394

# We find the list T of all segments from which the boundary consists

T:='T':
n:=0:
for m in M2 do
k:=0: S:='S':
for i from 1 to 6 do
for j from 1 to 6 do
if m[i,j]=1 then
if j=1 or (j>1 and m[i,j-1]=0) then k:=k+1; S[k]:={[j-1/2,7-i-1/2],[j-1/2,7-i+1/2]} fi;
if i=1 or (i>1 and m[i-1,j]=0) then k:=k+1; S[k]:={[j-1/2,7-i+1/2],[j+1/2,7-i+1/2]} fi;
if j=6 or (j<6 and m[i,j+1]=0) then k:=k+1; S[k]:={[j+1/2,7-i+1/2],[j+1/2,7-i-1/2]} fi;
if i=6 or (i<6 and m[i+1,j]=0) then k:=k+1; S[k]:={[j+1/2,7-i-1/2],[j-1/2,7-i-1/2]} fi; 
fi;
od: od:
n:=n+1; T[n]:=[m,convert(S,set)];
od:
T:=convert(T, list):

# Choose carpets with a connected border

C:='C': k:=0:
for t in T do
a:=t[2]; v:=op~(a);
G:=GraphTheory:-Graph([$1..nops(v)], subs([seq(v[i]=i,i=1..nops(v))],a));
if GraphTheory:-IsConnected(G) then k:=k+1; C[k]:=t fi;
od:
C:=convert(C,list):
nops(C);
                                               208

# Sort the list of border segments so that they go one by one and form a polygon

k:=0: P:='P':
for c in C do
a:=c[2]: v:=op~(a);
G1:=GraphTheory:-Graph([$1..nops(v)], subs([seq(v[i]=i,i=1..nops(v))],a));
GraphTheory:-IsEulerian(G1,'U');
U; s:=[op(U)];
k:=k+1; P[k]:=[seq(v[i],i=s[1..-2])];
od:
P:=convert(P, list):

# We apply AreIsometric procedure from here to remove solutions that coincide under a rotation or reflection

P1:=[ListTools:-Categorize( AreIsometric, P)]:
nops(P1);
                                                 28

We get 28 unique solutions to this problem.

Visualization of all these solutions:

interface(rtablesize=100):
E1:=seq(plottools:-line([1/2,i],[13/2,i], color=red),i=1/2..13/2,1):
E2:=seq(plottools:-line([i,1/2],[i,13/2], color=red),i=1/2..13/2,1):
F:=plottools:-polygon([[1/2,1/2],[1/2,13/2],[13/2,13/2],[13/2,1/2]], color=yellow):
plots:-display(Matrix(4,7,[seq(plots:-display(plottools:-polygon(p,color=red),F, E1,E2), p=[seq(i[1],i=P1)])]), scaling=constrained, axes=none, size=[800,700]);
 

Carpet1.mw

The code was edited.

This post is the answer to this question.

The procedure named  IntOverDomain  finds a double integral over an arbitrary domain bounded by a non-selfintersecting piecewise smooth curve. The code of the procedure uses the well-known Green's theorem.

Each section in the border should be specified by a list in the following formats :    
1. If a section is given parametrically, then  [[f(t), g(t)], t=t1..t2]    
2. If several consecutive sections of the border or the entire border is a broken line, then it is sufficient to set vertices of this broken line  [ [x1,y1], [x2,y2], .., [xn,yn] ] (for the entire border should be  [xn,yn]=[x1,y1] ).

Required parameters of the procedure:  f  is an expression in variables  x  and  y , L  is the list of all the sections. The sublists of the list  L  must follow in the positive direction (counterclockwise).

The code of the procedure:

restart;
IntOverDomain := proc(f, L) 
local n, i, j, m, yk, yb, xk, xb, Q, p, P, var;
n:=nops(L);
Q:=int(f,x);  
for i from 1 to n do 
if type(L[i], listlist(algebraic)) then
m:=nops(L[i]);
for j from 1 to m-1 do
yk:=L[i,j+1,2]-L[i,j,2]; yb:=L[i,j,2];
xk:=L[i,j+1,1]-L[i,j,1]; xb:=L[i,j,1];
p[j]:=int(eval(Q*yk,[y=yk*t+yb,x=xk*t+xb]),t=0..1);
od;
P[i]:=add(p[j],j=1..m-1) else
var := lhs(L[i, 2]);
P[i]:=int(eval(Q*diff(L[i,1,2],var),[x=L[i,1,1],y=L[i,1,2]]),L[i,2]) fi;
od; 
add(P[i], i = 1 .. n); 
end proc:

Examples of use.

1. In the first example, we integrate over a quadrilateral:

with(plottools): with(plots):
f:=x^2+y^2:
display(polygon([[0,0],[3,0],[0,3],[1,1]], color="LightBlue"));  # Visualization of the domain of integration
IntOverDomain(x^2+y^2, [[[0,0],[3,0],[0,3],[1,1],[0,0]]]);  # The value of integral

2. In the second example, some sections of the boundary of the domain are curved lines:

display(inequal({{y<=sqrt(x),y>=sin(Pi*x/3)/2,y<=3-x}, {y>=-2*x+3,y>=sqrt(x),y<=3-x}}, x=0..3,y=0..3, color="LightGreen", nolines), plot([[t,sqrt(t),t=0..1],[t,-2*t+3,t=0..1],[t,3-t,t=0..3],[t,sin(Pi*t/3)/2,t=0..3]], color=black, thickness=2));
f:=x^2+y^2: L:=[[[t,sin(Pi*t/3)/2],t=0..3],[[3,0],[0,3],[1,1]], [[t,sqrt(t)],t=1..0]]:
IntOverDomain(f, L);

3. If  f=1  then the procedure returns the area of the domain:

IntOverDomain(1, L);  # The area of the above domain
evalf(%);

IntOverDomain.mw

Edit.

In the creation of this animation the technique from here  was used.

The code of this animation:

with(plots): with(plottools):
SmallHeart:=plot([1/20*sin(t)^3, 1/20*(13*cos(t)/16-5*cos(2*t)/16-2*cos(3*t)/16-cos(4*t)/16), t = 0 .. 2*Pi], color = "Red", thickness=3, filled):
F:=t->[sin(t)^3, 13*cos(t)/16-5*cos(2*t)/16-2*cos(3*t)/16-cos(4*t)/16]:
Gf:=display(translate(SmallHeart, 0,0.37)):
Gl:=display(translate(SmallHeart, 0,-1)):
G:=t->display(translate(SmallHeart, F(t)[])):
A:=display(seq(display(op([Gf,seq(G(-Pi/20*t), t=3..k),seq(G(Pi/20*t), t=3..k)]))$4,k=2..17),display(op([Gf,seq(G(-Pi/20*t), t=3..17),seq(G(Pi/20*t), t=3..17),Gl]))$30, insequence=true, size=[600,600]):
B:=animate(textplot,[[-0.6,0.25, "Happy"[1..round(n)]],color="Orange", font=[times,bolditalic,40], align=right],n=0..5,frames=18, paraminfo=false):
C:=animate(textplot,[[-0.2,0, "Valentine's"[1..round(n)]],color=green, font=[times,bolditalic,40], align=right],n=1..11,frames=35, paraminfo=false):
E:=animate(textplot,[[-0.3,-0.25, "Day!"[1..round(n)]],color="Blue", font=[times,bolditalic,40], align=right],n=1..4,frames=41, paraminfo=false):
T:=display([B, display(op([1,-1,1],B),C), display(op([1,-1,1],B),op([1,-1,1],C),E)], insequence=true):
K:=display(A, T, axes=none):
K;

The last frame of this animation:

display(op([1,-1],K), size=[600,600], axes=none);  # The last frame

ValentinelDay.mw
 

Edit. The code was edited - the number of frames has been increased.